Double taxation refers to the phenomenon where a single individual or corporation is taxed twice on the same income or assets by two different jurisdictions or governments. This often occurs when a person or corporation is a resident of one country but operates businesses in another country.

Examples of double taxation:

• Corporate income tax: A corporation is taxed on its worldwide income in its home country, even if the income is generated in a different country.
• Individual income tax: A person who works for a corporation in one country and is a resident of another country may be taxed on their salary income twice, once in their home country and once in the country where they work.
• Inheritance tax: A person who inherits property from a parent who is a resident of one country may be taxed on the inheritance in both countries.

Causes of double taxation:

• Double taxation treaties: Some countries have double taxation treaties with other countries, which aim to prevent double taxation. These treaties typically provide for exemptions or credits for income and assets that are already taxed in the other country.
• Tax residency: If a person or corporation is a resident of one country but has a permanent place of abode in another country, they may be subject to taxation in both countries.
• Business presence: If a corporation has a branch or subsidiary in another country, it may be subject to taxation in that country on its worldwide income.

Impact of double taxation:

• Double taxation can be a complex and intricate process.
• It can be a significant financial burden for individuals and corporations.
• It can lead to disputes between countries.

Strategies to minimize double taxation:

• Double taxation treaties: If you are a resident of one country and have business interests in another country, it is important to understand the double taxation treaty between the two countries.
• Seek tax advice: If you are concerned about double taxation, it is important to seek professional tax advice from a lawyer or accountant who is familiar with the applicable laws.
• Invest in tax-exempt assets: There are some assets that are not subject to taxation, such as investments in certain types of property.