Revaluation is a process of reassessing and revising the carrying value of long-term assets, such as land or buildings, at a specific point in time. It is typically performed when there has been a significant change in market conditions or other factors that may have affected the value of the asset.

Purpose of Revaluation:

• To ensure that the assets are carried at their fair market value.
• To provide a more accurate representation of the financial position of the company.
• To reflect changes in market conditions and economic factors.
• To comply with accounting standards, such as IAS 16 or generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP).

Process of Revaluation:

1. Identify the assets to be revalued: Determine which assets are subject to revaluation and identify the specific assets to be revalued.
2. Obtain independent appraisals: Obtain independent valuations from qualified appraisers or use other appropriate methods to determine the fair market value of the assets.
3. Adjust the carrying value: Compare the appraised value with the current carrying value and make necessary adjustments to bring the carrying value into line with the fair market value.
4. Record the revaluation: Record the revaluation in the accounting records, including any related expenses or income.

Types of Revaluation:

• Full revaluation: Revaluation of the entire asset portfolio.
• Partial revaluation: Revaluation of specific assets within the portfolio.
• Retroactive revaluation: Revaluation of assets at a date in the past.

Accounting Treatment:

• Any resulting increase in the carrying value is recorded as a gain, while any decrease is recorded as a loss.
• The revaluation is made retrospectively to previous periods.
• The cumulative effect of revaluation is recorded in a separate account.

Example:

A company revalues its land at a higher value. The increase in carrying value is recorded as a gain in the current period. If the land is used as collateral for loans, the increased value may also affect the company’s borrowing cost.

Note: Revaluation is a complex accounting process that requires professional advice. It is important to consult with an accountant to ensure that the revaluation is conducted properly and in accordance with applicable accounting standards.