Definition:

Stamp duty is a type of indirect tax levied on certain documents, instruments, and transactions. It is a fee paid to the government as a charge for the privilege of using certain documents or engaging in particular transactions.

Purpose:

• To raise revenue for the government.
• To discourage certain transactions.
• To provide funds for specific public services, such as education or infrastructure.

Types of Stamp Duty:

• Doc Stamp Duty: Levied on documents, such as deeds, contracts, and bills of exchange.
• Transaction Stamp Duty: Levied on certain transactions, such as sales of property, transfers of ownership, and loans.
• Stamp Duty Reserve: A deposit required on certain transactions that are subject to stamp duty, such as agreements for sale.

Rate of Stamp Duty:

The rate of stamp duty varies depending on the country and jurisdiction. In general, the rate is a fixed percentage of the value of the document or transaction.

Examples:

• In the United Kingdom, stamp duty is levied on documents such as deeds, contracts, and bills of exchange at a rate of 2%.
• In Australia, there is a stamp duty on certain transactions, such as land sales and mortgage loans.
• In India, stamp duty is levied on a variety of documents and transactions, including deeds, contracts, and stamp duty challans.

Exemptions:

There are some exemptions from stamp duty in some countries. For example, in the United Kingdom, there is an exemption for documents that are used for purely personal purposes.

Administration:

Stamp duty is usually administered by the government agency responsible for taxation. In most countries, stamps are purchased from authorized vendors and affixed to the document or transaction.

Additional Notes:

• Stamp duty is a revenue-raising measure, not a regulation.
• The burden of paying stamp duty is generally on the seller or transferee.
• Stamp duty rates are subject to change.
• There are penalties for failing to pay stamp duty.